A Typology of Hackers: Classifying Cyber Malfeasance Using a Weighted Arc Circumplex Model

Understanding the diverse motivations and behaviors of hackers is crucial for developing effective strategies to combat cybercrime. This article delves into the typology of hackers, employing a weighted arc circumplex model to categorize cyber malfeasance comprehensively.

Introduction

The primary goal of categorizing cyber attackers is to understand their motivations and behaviors better. This understanding can lead to more effective crime prevention and mitigation strategies.

Key Concepts

1. Typology of Hackers
   • A systematic classification that organizes various types of cyber attackers based on specific criteria.
2. Weighted Arc Circumplex Model
   • A model used to categorize hackers, considering multiple factors to create a nuanced understanding of cyber malfeasance.

Benefits of the Typology Approach

1. Understanding Motivations
   • Identifying the underlying drives behind cybercriminal activities helps in anticipating and preventing attacks.
2. Informed Mitigation Techniques
   • With a better understanding of hacker typologies, strategies to prevent and mitigate cyber crimes can be more effectively developed and implemented.

Reference Article

• Seebruck, R. (2015). A typology of hackers: Classifying cyber malfeasance using a weighted arc circumplex model. Digital Investigation, 36-45.

How to Search for the Article

1. Access the Online Library
   • Use your institution’s online library portal.
2. Search by Title or Author
   • Enter the article title “A typology of hackers” or the author’s name “Seebruck, R.”.
3. Locate the Article
   • Find the publication Digital Investigation from 2015, specifically pages 36-45.

Understanding Hacker Typologies

Different types of hackers can be classified using the weighted arc circumplex model, which helps in creating a detailed profile based on various factors such as motivations, skills, and activities. This classification is essential for developing tailored cybersecurity measures.

Categories and Characteristics of Hackers

1. Script Kiddies
   • Profile: Low-skilled individuals who use readily available tools.
   • Motivation: Curiosity or the desire to prove themselves.
2. Hacktivists
   • Profile: Individuals or groups driven by political or social causes.
   • Motivation: Ideological beliefs.
3. Professional Criminals
   • Profile: Organized crime groups with significant technical skills.
   • Motivation: Financial gain.
4. Insiders
   • Profile: Employees or individuals with authorized access who misuse their privileges.
   • Motivation: Personal grievances or financial incentives.
5. Nation-State Actors
   • Profile: Highly skilled hackers sponsored by governments.
   • Motivation: National interests, including espionage and cyber warfare.
6. Cyberpunks
   • Profile: More sophisticated than script kiddies, often motivated by the thrill of hacking.
   • Motivation: Fun or status within the hacker community.

Real-World Application

Understanding these categories can aid in developing specific countermeasures tailored to the types of threats posed by different hacker groups. For example, enhanced monitoring and stricter access controls can mitigate insider threats, while international cooperation may be necessary to combat nation-state actors.