Software and Application Security

Electronic voting (e-voting) is more than just a modernization of traditional ballots—it represents a major shift in how democracies function in the digital age. The push for secure, scalable, and accessible electronic voting systems stems from both practical needs in governance and deeper innovations in cryptographic and computer science research. In this article, we explore […]

Cryptography plays a critical role in securing federal systems, sensitive data, and communication channels. To ensure uniform security, government agencies must adhere to strict cryptographic standards set by organizations like NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) and OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project). This guide provides an overview of federal cryptographic standards, their application,

Cryptography is essential for securing modern digital communications, protecting sensitive data, and ensuring user authentication. However, poor implementation of cryptographic techniques can introduce severe vulnerabilities, making even the strongest encryption algorithms ineffective. This guide explores common pitfalls in cryptographic implementation, their consequences, and best practices to ensure secure and effective cryptography in software and systems.

Cryptographic hash functions play a vital role in data integrity, authentication, and digital signatures. However, weak hash functions like MD5 and SHA-1 are vulnerable to various cryptanalytic attacks, compromising the security of digital systems. This guide explores how hash functions are broken, the vulnerabilities of MD5 and SHA-1, and the methods used by attackers to

Cryptography is the backbone of modern cybersecurity, ensuring secure communication, data protection, and digital identity verification. This guide, based on key topics from Serious Cryptography by Aumasson (2017) and Understanding Cryptography by Paar & Pelzl (2010), provides insights into advanced cryptographic techniques, including public-key cryptography, elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), and SHA-3 hashing. Public-Key Cryptography: The

Cryptographic functions play a crucial role in securing digital communications by ensuring data integrity, authenticity, and non-repudiation. Among these functions, hash functions and message authentication codes (MACs) are fundamental components of modern security protocols. This article explores hash functions, their properties, security requirements, MACs, and digital signatures, along with their applications in cryptographic security. What

Cryptography is a fundamental pillar of modern cybersecurity, ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of sensitive data. However, improper implementation of cryptographic techniques can lead to security breaches, exposing user data to attackers. This guide, based on the OWASP (2018) Guide to Cryptography, provides an overview of cryptographic principles, secure implementation practices, and best practices

Cryptography is a critical component of modern cybersecurity, providing the foundation for secure communications, authentication, and data protection. It encompasses a wide range of mathematical techniques and cryptographic protocols that ensure confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation in digital systems. This article explores the fundamental principles of cryptography, key cryptographic algorithms, and best practices for implementing

Cryptography is the foundation of modern cybersecurity, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation in digital communications. It enables secure transactions, protects sensitive data, and prevents unauthorized access. In this article, we will explore the two main types of cryptographic systems—secret-key (symmetric) cryptography and public-key (asymmetric) cryptography—along with the modes of operation used in encryption. Core

Cryptography is the backbone of modern digital security, ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of data. However, when cryptographic mechanisms are improperly implemented or outdated algorithms are used, they can lead to vulnerabilities known as broken cryptography. Attackers can exploit these weaknesses to decrypt sensitive data, forge digital signatures, or bypass authentication mechanisms. In this